重庆市榨菜生产区碘缺乏病健康教育效果评价

Effect Evaluation of Health Education on Iodine Deficiency Disorders in Chongqing

目的通过碘缺乏病(IDD)健康教育干预活动,增强群众健康意识,促进利于健康的行为改变。方法对涪陵区、丰都县榨菜生产区不同人群开展多种形式的碘缺乏病健康教育干预活动,活动前开展基线调查,活动后3 6个月进行评估,并进行效果评价。结果涪陵区、丰都县学生IDD危害知晓率分别由47.87%、46.89%上升至95.56%、99.35%,吃碘盐知晓率分别由45.73%、48.67%上升至97.90%和98.48%;家庭主妇IDD危害知晓率分别由62.00%、32.45%上升至63.67%、82.67%,吃碘盐知晓率分别由48.00%、26.49%上升至64.67%、78.00%。除涪陵区家庭主妇IDD危害知晓率差异无统计学意义外,其余均明显提高(P<0.01);居民碘盐覆率涪陵由86.67%上升到96.33%;丰都由66.23%上升到93.33%。结论碘缺乏病健康教育干预活动,能有效提高人群碘缺乏病知晓率和居民碘盐覆盖率。

Objective To enhance the health consciousness and promote healthy behavior change through carrying out the intervene activity of health education of iodine deficiency disorders （IDD）. Methods The intervene activity of health education of IDD were carried out in the tuber mustard production zone of Fengdu County and Fuling District. The baseline survey was done before the activity. The effect was evaluated after 3-6 months of carrying out the activity. Results The harms awareness rates of IDD of the students before and after intervene activity were 47. 87%, 46. 89% and 95.56% ,99. 35% in Fengdu County and Fuling District, respectively. Tthe awareness rates of eating iodized salt before and after intervene activity were 45.73%, 48.67% and 97.90% ,98.48% ,respectively. The harms awareness rates of IDD of the housewife before and after intervene activity were 62.00% ,32. 45% and 63.67% ,82. 67% in Fengdu county and Fuling district, respectively. The awareness rates of eating iodized salt before and after intervene activity were 48.00%, 26.49% and 64.67% ,78.00% ,respectively. There was a statistical significance difference for the awareness rates between before and after intervene activity （P 〈 0. 01 ）, beside for the harms awareness rate of IDD of the housewife in Fuling District. The covering rates of iodized salt of the local habitant were 86. 67%, 66. 23% and 96. 33% ,93.33% ,in Fengdu County and Fuling District, respectively. Conclusion The intervene activity of health education of IDD can improve the awareness rate and covering rate of iodized salt of habitant.