防毒庇护所在高含硫气田中的应用

Applications of gas safe shelters at high sour gas fields

当高含硫化氢天然气发生连续大量泄漏时,防止生产现场人员中毒,是目前和今后一段时期内安全开发高含硫化氢气田首先面临的重要现实问题。目前常用的应急点火法和应急撤离法都具有现场操作的不确定性,经验表明在高含硫化氢开发生产现场,设置事故状态下供人体呼吸用的稳定可靠的合格气体及气源,是控制事故规模及后果的最佳方式。中国石油西南油气田公司川东北气矿首次从挪威UNITEAM公司引进了2台初次设计制造的防毒庇护所。防毒庇护所的紧急空调系统可提供新鲜空气并保持内部50Pa的正压,能满足为10个人提供不少于2h的安全庇护时间。为此,介绍了防毒庇护的理念、防毒庇护所的工作原理、结构组成和使用方法,并通过分析,对防毒庇护所的内部空间利用、噪声控制及安装运输等提出了改进意见,指出经改进后的防毒庇护所,在不久的将来将会成为高含硫天然气生产现场的重要安全设施,在高含硫气田开发中具有广阔的应用前景。

Presently,to prevent on-site personnel from poisoning when there are continuous large quantities of gas leakage is the top priority for the high sour gas fields. The commonly-used emergency ignition method and emergency evacuation method have operational uncertainty on site. To supply sustainable and reliable qualified gas and gas sources which human can breathe on site in case of leakage accidents is the best way to control the accident by experience. The Northeast Sichuan Gas Field hereby introduced two gas safe shelters from UNITEAM AS from Norway for the first time. The shelter contains an emergency air-conditioning system which is capable of supplying fresh air and maintaining the inner pressure at 50 Pa. It can protect 10 personnel for at least 2 hours. This paper introduces the concepts,working principles,structures and usage of the shelter. Moreover,some suggestions on inner space utilization,noise controlling and shelter installation and transportation are proposed. It pointed out that the improved shelter will become an important safety facility at high sour gas fields in future and will be widely applied.