农村不同性别慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者行为认知差异分析

Analyzing the difference of the knowledge between men and women COPD patients for COPD in rural area

目的探讨农村不同性别慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者对COPD行为认知的差异。方法采用统一的调查表格,在对年龄、文化程度、病程进行匹配后,以入户面对面调查的方式对146例(男女各73例)COPD患者进行问卷调查,分析比较男女COPD患者的行为认知差异。结果男女患者在吸烟率(69.9% vs 19.2%,P<0.001)、现在吸烟率(30.1% vs 10.9%,P<0.005)、被动吸烟率(43.8% vs 26.0%,P<0.005)、烹饪史(31.5% vs 75.3%,P<0.001)和烹饪年限(23.91±15.86年 vs 39.29±12.90年,P<0.001)、参加体育锻炼(12.3% vs 1.4%,P<0.005)以及吸烟对COPD的诱发(56.2% vs 12.3%,P<0.001)等认知存在差异;男性患者年医疗费用<1500元者比率明显多于女性患者(43.8% vs 20.5%,P<0.001);男性患者呼吸道疾病住院率低于女性患者(23.3% vs 41.1%,P<0.002);男性患者药物治疗率高于女性患者;男性患者多需要治疗知识(93.2% vs 57.5%,P<0.001),女性患者多需要预防知识(79.5% vs 45.2%,P<0.001)。结论COPD患者对疾病的认知状况较差,男女患者之间行为认知存在差异。应加强对患者的健康教育,提高患者的生命生活质量。

Objective To explore the difference of the knowledge of men and women COPD patients for COPD in Tongshan County. Methods After matching the age,education and the disease duration between male and female,a face-to-face interview was performed to investigate the patients at their home, 146 questionnaires were used. Results There were differences of smoking rate （69.9% vs 19.2%,P〈0.001）,presently smoking rate （30.1% vs 10.9% ,P〈0.005）,passive smoking rate （43.8% vs 26.0%,P〈 0.005） ,cooking history（31.5% vs 75.3% ,P〈0.001 ）,cooking years （23.91±lS.86year vs 39.29±12.90year,P〈0.001）and participating exercise （12.3% vs 1.4% ,P〈0.005）between men and women. There was the difference of knowledge in inducing COPD of smoking and cooking between men and women（56.2% vs 12.3% ,P〈0.001）. The treatment rate of male was higher than that of female. Most male patients want treatment knowledge of COPD （93.2% vs 57.5% ,P〈0.001 ）,against most male patients want treatment knowledge of COPD （79.5% vs 45.2%,P〈0.001）. Conclusions The cognition for COPD of COPD patients were poor in Tongshan County, there was a difference between men and women. Therefore, we need to guide the patients to develop the suitable life habits and strengthen healthy education on them, in order to improve their life quality.