我国新旧城区联动发展中的问题及其对策探讨

COORDINATION FOR JOINT DEVELOPMENT OF NEW AND OLD URBAN DISTRICTS IN CHINA

伴随着工业化与城市化进程的加快,我国许多城市面临着旧城区改造与新城区建设两大基本任务,如何正确处理新旧城区的整合及协调发展关系成为人们普遍关注的重大课题。首先分析了我国新城建设和旧城改造过程中存在的主要问题,包括新旧城区之间经济联系薄弱、规划建设各自为政、可达性差、通勤成本高以及拆迁安置不尽合理等,并阐述了问题产生的主要原因;其次,分析了驱动新旧城区联动发展的经济、社会和环境因素,探讨了旧城改造、产业升级、经营城市、市场力等方面在新城建设和旧城改造中的具体作用;最后,从新旧城区的内在联系出发,提出了推进新旧城区联动发展的对策措施:一是规划联动;二是空间联动;三是经济联动;四是政策联动。

With an accelerated process of industrialization and urbanization, many cities in China are facing two major tasks： old urban district renewal and new urban district development. Due to a faster pace and insufficient planning work, there are many problems arising during this process. These problems may include： 1） weak connections between business sectors as well as the old and new districts; 2） fragmented planning within each district without a comprehensive planning framework across districts; 3） low accessibility between districts which may cause an increasing commuting cost for people traveling from their home to their workplace; 4） low resettlement fees for residents in old districts whose homes were demolished and other residents in new districts whose land were purchased. These problems may have strong negative influences on the long term prosperity of China. There is an increasing need to correctly handle the new and old urban districts in an integrated and coordinated manner, which is the key for our long-term sustainable development. In this paper, the authors first analyze the major reasons for these problems, and then discuss the roles of economic development, social progress and environment sustainability, which are the major driving forces for coordinated development between old and new districts. Furthermore, the authors analyze the roles of other factors, such as housing in old district, upgrading of industrial structure, urban management and market forces, in old district renewal and new district development. Finally, the authors propose four measures for the co-development between new and old districts in urban management： coordinated planning; coordinated spatial connections; coordinated business sectors; and coordinated urban policies. Each of these measures is specifically targeted for the potential problems of old district renewal, new district development, and the internal linkages between old and new districts. These measures provide theoretical foundations for public policy decision making, which is the key foundation for the future sustainable urban development in China.