基于自适应遗传算法的3D钢桁架优化设计研究

Research on the Optimal Design of 3D Trusses with Adaptive Genetic Algorithms

研究目的:针对标准遗传算法出现的未成熟收敛、振荡、随机性太大等缺点,通过研究对其改进,提出自适应遗传算法。利用自适应遗传算法建立钢桁架结构优化设计模型,采用m atlab语言编写自适应遗传算法优化分析程序,用于铁路车站工程一雨棚的优化设计。研究结论:针对标准遗传算法存在的缺点,通过研究提出了自适应遗传算法。该算法在计算过程中依据个体的适应值,来确定染色体的交叉位置、交叉率、变异率,使杂交沿着有利于算法收敛的方向进行。确保了子代个体优于父本,使进化前期变异明显,后期趋于稳定,确保搜索到全局最优解,从而保证了种群开发和搜索的平衡及全局收敛性。并建立了桁架结构优化设计模型,以matlab软件为平台,对铁路车站一雨棚桁架结构进行了优化设计,取得了满意的效果,证明自适应遗传算法是一种理想的建筑结构优化设计方法。

Research purposes： Aiming to the problem of the standard Genetic Algorithms （ SGA）, such as premature convergence, oscillation and over - randomization in iterative process, a series of adaptive genetic algorithms is proposed to improve SGA. The optimal design model for 3D trusses is established with the adaptive genetic algorithms and the optimal analysis program for the adaptive genetic algorithms is made with matlab language for optimal design of the canopy of railway station.Research conclusions： The adaptive genetic algorithms decides me cross locauon, chromosome based on the individual adaptive value in calculation process to make the cross moving to the algorithms convergence direction, which ensures the filial generation is better than father generation, make the start phase variable obviously and later phase stable slowly and ensure obtaining the optimal solution as a whole for population development, seeking balance and entire convergence. The optimal design of the trusses structure of the railway station canopy is made with the optimal design model for 3 D trusses and matlab software. The result shows the adaptive genetic algorithms is an ideal optimal design method for building structure.