53GHz毫米波辐射孕鼠对子代的影响

The effects of millimeter wave irradiation to pregnant mice with a frequency of 53GHz on the posterities

目的确定５３ＧＨｚ毫米波对胚胎产生损伤效应的阈值及导致成年子鼠学习、记忆功能降低的机制。方法用频率５３ＧＨｚ、功率密度１、３、５、８ｍＷ／ｃｍ２的毫米波，在小鼠怀孕６～１５天时进行２ｈ／ｄ辐射，用Ｙ型电迷宫对成年子鼠进行学习、记忆功能测试，分别用放射配基结合分析法、高效液相色谱－电化学检测法、放射免疫法对足孕胚胎和成年子鼠脑胆碱能－Ｍ受体（Ｍ－Ｒ）、单胺递质和精氨酸加压素（ＡＶＰ）进行测定。结果≥３ｍＷ／ｃｍ２的毫米波导致成年子鼠学习、记忆功能明显降低，成年子鼠海马区Ｍ－Ｒ的最大受体结合数（Ｂｍａｘ）明显升高，成年子鼠及足孕胚胎脑中多巴胺（ＤＡ）含量明显降低；≥５ｍＷ／ｃｍ２辐射导致成年子鼠下丘脑中ＡＶＰ含量明显降低，以上指标与功率密度呈明显相关。结论５３ＧＨｚ毫米波辐射导致胚胎损伤的阈值在１～３ｍＷ／ｃｍ２，其导致成年子鼠学习、记忆功能降低，与使子鼠脑中ＡＶＰ。

Objective This study is to determine the threshold of fetus injury induced by millimeter wave irradiation with a frequency of 53GHz,and to clarify the mechanism of lowering learning capacity and memory of the adult offspring. Methods Two month old BALB/c mice were separately irradiated by millimeter wave with a frequency of 53 GHz at power densities of 1,3,5,8 mW/cm 2 for 2 h daily from the 6th to 15th day of gestation.The test of learning capacity and memory of adult offspring was undertaken on Y type electric maze.The content of cholinergic M receptor (M R) and its affinity to ligand,the levels of monoamine transmitter and AVP in the brain of the fetus at full term and adult offspring were measured by using RBA,HPLC ECD and RIA respectively. Results Millimeter wave irradiation at power densities of 3,5,8 mW/cm 2 lowered learning capacity and memory of adult offspring.It significantly increased the content of M R in hyppocampus of adult offspring and reduced the content of DA in brain of adult offspring and fetus at full term.Irradiation at a power density of ≥5 mW/cm 2 significantly reduced the content of AVP in hypothalamus of adult offspring.There was a significant correlationship among the aforesaid parameters and power densities. Conclusion It is suggested that the threshold of fetus injury induced by millimeter wave irradiation to pregnant mice with a frequency of 53GHz is 1 ￣ 3 mW/cm 2.The lowering of learning capacity and memory of the adult offspring may be related to decrease of the contents of AVP,DA in the brain,as well as reduced function of cholinergic nerves in the hippocampus.