铝焊接工人尿铝影响因素及口罩防护效果评价

Evaluation on the affecting factors of urinary aluminum and the preventive effect of mask among welders

目的为企业采取有效的防护措施提供理论依据。方法应用多变量分析方法分析了尿铝的影响因素及使用过滤式口罩的防护效果。结果工人的年龄、国籍及吸烟行为对尿铝无影响；工人铝接触的累计时间、在焊接过程中使用的焊条长度及数量对尿铝有影响，与之呈正比关系；工人使用防护口罩效果并不明显。结论建议企业应采取局部通风方式或强化工人一直佩戴防护口罩的意识。

Objective The study is to investigate the affecting factors of urinary aluminum in occupational workers and to evaluate the preventive effect of fitered type mask. Methods Urine at the end of shift of the employee exposed to aluminum oxide fumes by welding in the automobile industry and their individual and working informations were collected twice( n 1=174, n 2=142) and analyzed.The multiple factorial analysis of variance and multiple stepwise linear regression analysis were employed with SPSS program. Results Urinary aluminum was not influenced by the workers age,nationality and behavior of smoking.The urinary aluminium was dependent on the cumulative exposure time,the length of welding rods used and the number of cars welded in welding process.There was a positive relationship.The preventive effect of mask was very little. Conclusion It is suggested that the enterprise should take local ventilatory measure and the welders should keep in mind to use the mask all the time.To take turns welding and other type of work may be another measure.