三峡库区(重庆段)涨落带生态风险源分析及其防范

ANGLYSIS OF MAIN SOURCES OF ECO-RISK FROM WATER-LEVEL-FLUCTUAING ZONE(WLFZ)IN THE THREE GORGES RESERVOIR AREA(CHONGQING) WITH PROPOSAL OF COUNTERMEAURES

三峡工程成库后将在库区两岸形成一个垂直落差达30 m的全国面积最大的涨落带。其主要分布在重庆市辖区内,是一个环三峡水库特殊的生态地带,生态环境十分特殊,生态风险来源十分复杂。因此,本文以三峡库区重庆段为例深入分析涨落带生态风险源的类型、来源和特征,并综合涨落带土地开发利用的各种指标结合生态环境现状将涨落带划分5种类型。在此基础上再对库区历史资料的分析和现状评价,辨识出29种生态风险源,按性质将风险源分为自然和人为两类,且分析了主要的风险源对涨落带的干扰和危害,提出了相应的风险防范建议和对策。

The largest water-level fluctuating zone in China will be formed when the Project of Three Gorges finished. This water-level fluctuating zone main distributes in the region of Chongqing, which is a special ecological zone around the reservoir, It means that this zone not only has a very special eco environment but also the sources of eco risk are very complex. Takeing the main body of the Three Gorges reservoir zone in Chongqing as an example, this paper analyzed the type, origin and characteristics of eco-risk resources in water-level fluctuating zone. According to various indicators and status quo of eco-environment, the water level-fluctuating zone was divided into 5 types. After analyzed and evaluated the historical data in reservoir, 29 species of eco-risk source were identified and divided into natural and man-made risk resource. At last, the interference and harm raised by the main risk resources were analyzed and corresponding recommendation and risk prevention measures were given.