易白沙之死的社会意义建构

Social Significance Construction of Yi Baisha's Death

1921年,革命党人、著名学者易白沙自杀后,陈望道称他是"厌见湖南政局",意在说明他的自杀是对湖南军阀反对孙中山政府的抗议;《大公报》报道称他为抗议污浊社会,杀身成仁;追悼会启事称他是"殉世";毛泽东说他是"有用之人愤死";孙中山总统表彰他是"志切报国";总统秘书说他是"救世"而非"厌世";学界认为他人品清白,赞扬他"三不要"的抗议不良习俗精神以及献身对人们追求理想社会的警示意义。这些话语与他遗书所说不能杀贼而死、有何生存价值的消极表述相比,赋予了积极的社会价值与意义。易白沙蹈海为南方政府的社会动员提供了新资源,也为章太炎反对新文化运动提供了口实,为人们讨论社会问题及其解决之道提供了言说的符号。

Yi Baisha, as a revolutionary and a famous scholar, who killed himself In 1921. Da Gong Paper reported that his suicide was to protest the foul society. The announcement of his memorial meeting said he was a martyr of society. Mao Zedong said that ＂an useful man died for indignation＂. President Sun Zhongshan spoke in praise of his eager ambition for serving the country. President＇s secretary insisted that he was not ＂world-weary＂ but ＂salvation＂. Academia＇s discussion took it for granted that his character was cleanly and faithful, and spoke highly of his remonstrant spirit against bad customs as ＂three don＇t＂ and the significance of caution for people who was pursuing the idea society because of his devoting life . Those words above, as compared with his testament＇s negative expression that no died for killing the banditry and no value to exist, were endowed with active social value and meaning. It provided new resource for the southern government to mobilize society, and excuse for Zhang Taiyan to oppose the New Cultural Movement, and symbol for people to discuss the way of reforming society.