20世纪50-70年代的围湖垦殖与江汉平原湖泊湿地演化

Reclamations and Cultivation of Lakes in the 1950s-1970s and Evolution of Lake Wetlands in Jianghan Plain

利用相关资料并借助RS/GIS方法对20世纪50-70年代的大规模围垦情况进行了初步分析。结果表明:20世纪50年代、60年代、70年代、80年代0.1km2以上的湖泊总量分别是1309个、611个、612个、838个,湖泊总面积分别是8503.7km2、5467.5km2、2934.3km2、2977.3km2。湖泊数量和面积减少与围湖垦殖关系密切,江汉湖区平均面积变化率为65.0%,围垦具有明显的区域差异特征。围湖垦殖与江汉平原湿地演化关系密切,围湖垦殖降低了江汉平原湿地演化的可持续性。

An analysis using RS/GIS and other relevant information was conducted on the large-scale land reclamation in the 1950s-1980s. Results showed that the total number of lakes with an area larger than 0.1 km2 （10 ha） in the 1950s, 1960s, 1970s, 1980s were respectively 1 309, 611,612, 838 and the total areas of the lakes were respectively 8 503.7 km2, 5 467.5 km2, 2 934.3 km2, 2 977.3 km2. The reduction of number and area of the lakes was closely related with the reclamation and 65% of the plain were under changes. The reclamation was obviously of regional differences. The evolution of wetland in Jianghan Plain was closely related to the reclamations and cultivations which heavily reduced the sustainability of wetland evolution in the Plain.