肺癌放疗后放射性肺炎的观察与护理

Observation and nursing care of radiation pneumonitis in patients with lung cancer

目的探讨肺癌放疗后发生放射性肺炎患者护理对策。方法对50例放射性肺炎患者实施放疗50～60 Gy,用单因素和多因素分析两肺V5、V10、V15、V20、V25、V30、V35、V40及Dmean和放射性肺炎相关。做好患者心理护理、呼吸道护理、发热护理、用药护理等。结果单因素分析显示吸烟及化疗和放射性肺炎相关,P值分别为0.013和0.009,多因素分析仅显示V5和放射性肺炎相关。经整体护理有效地减轻了患者症状,80%患者顺利地完成了放疗计划。结论加强病情观察,精心的护理可以有效控制放射性肺炎,使患者顺利完成放射治疗计划。

Objective In order to improve nursing strategy for patients with lung cancer who underwent radiotherapy, risk factors for radiation pneumonitis were investigated. Methods 50 patients with radiation pneumonitis were studied, the relationship betweent V5, Vl0, V15, V20, V25, V30, V35, V40, Dmean and radiation pneumonitis were investigated using univariate and multivariate analysis. Results Smoking and chemotherapy were associated with radiation pneumonitis by univariate analysis, dose-volume metrics V5, was significantly associated with radiation pneumonitis. Conclusion Close observation and nursing care is helpful in the treatment of radiation pneumonitis and completion of radiotherapy.