碳税对经济增长、能源消费与收入分配的影响分析

Analysis on Effects of Carbon Taxation on Economic Development,Energy Consumption and Income Distribution

本文利用1995—2005年我国GDP、能源消费和资源税样本数据,通过构建基于面板数据的计量模型,分析了征收碳税对我国28个省、直辖市和自治区的经济增长、能源消费与收入分配的影响。结果表明:征收碳税能够提高我国大部分地区的经济规模,同时对东部地区的能源消费具有抑制作用,但扩大了大部分地区资本所有者和劳动者的收入分配差距。这说明,现阶段我国应该分地区、分税率进行碳税征收,以使我国大部分地区在保持经济增长和体现社会公平的前提下实现节能减排的目标。

This paper constructs the econometric model through using the panel data about during 1995-2005,and studies the effects of carbon taxation on economic growth, energy consumption and income distribution of 28 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions in China. The results show that the carbon taxation improves economic scales of most of areas,and restrains the energy consumption of eastern region,but ex- pands the income distribution gap between capital owners and labor owners,which shows that China should impose carbon taxation with differ- ent tax rate for different regions to realize energy-saving and emission-reduction under the premise of maintaining economic growth and social equity at present.