基于土地利用结构变化的深圳市水土流失动态研究

Dynamic Evaluation of Soil Erosion in Shenzhen Based on Land-Use Structural Variation

采用区域水土流失快速评估方法,通过参照点选择、参照组构建、参照组匹配、O/E计算等步骤,利用深圳市1996年、2000年、2002年、2004年和2006年的土地利用类型数据,以深圳市区为基本单元,进行多时段的水土流失动态评估。结果表明:1996年,福田区土壤侵蚀程度明显严重于其它5个区;2000年,宝安区、福田区和罗湖区的土壤侵蚀较严重;2002年、2004年和2006年,宝安区和福田区土壤侵蚀迅速加剧,南山区土壤侵蚀继续增加,龙岗区稍有减缓的趋势,罗湖区和盐田区土壤侵蚀有所改善。评估得到的土壤侵蚀动态变化特征与研究区域的开发过程也较为吻合。

Using the rapid assessment method for soil loss and some kinds of data of land-use types in Shenzhen City in 1996, 2000, 2002, 2004 and 2006, the changes of soil erosion in these periods were evaluated with a district as evaluation unit. The results showed as follows： In 1996, the soil erosion degree in Futian District was more serious than that in the other five Districts. In 2000, the soil erosion degree in Baoan District, Futian Dis- trict and Luohu District was more serious. In 2002, 2004 and 2006, the soil erosion in Baoan District and Futian District was aggravated more quickly than that in Nanshan District, but the soil erosion in Longgang District was lower than that before, and the status of soil erosion in Luohu District and Yantian District was even improved. These results are in good agreement with the development process in the study area.