西双版纳傣族的水信仰、水崇拜、水知识及相关用水习俗研究

Research on Xishuangbanna Dai People's Water-religion,Water-worship,Water-lore and Correlative Habits of Using Water

在深入田野调查和文献资料分析的基础上,本文从神话传说中的水、对水的重要性的认识、宗教信仰中的水崇拜和节庆活动中的用水习俗、人生礼仪中的用水习俗等四个方面,对西双版纳傣族的水信仰、水崇拜、水知识及其相关的用水习俗进行了深入的研究与探索。文章认为,傣族的水信仰、水崇拜和水知识,是傣族水文化的核心,在傣族的宇宙观、世界观和价值观中占有重要地位并发挥着重要作用。在这一核心的文化理念指导下,西双版纳傣族形成了一系列与水密切相关的宗教礼仪和用水习俗,形成了一整套可持续利用和管理水资源的技术和制度,有力地保障了西双版纳数千年来人与自然的和谐发展,使西双版纳成为地球北回归线上仅存的最后一块绿洲。深入发掘、系统总结傣族传统水文化中所蕴涵的理性与智慧用以指导今天可持续发展的实践,具有重要的学术理论价值和实践应用价值。

On the basis of an in-depth fieldwork and the analysis of information, the author of this paper, in four aspects-water in the mythology, the knowledge of water＇s importance, water-worship in faith and the habits of using water in feast day, has made a full research on Xishuangbanna Dai people＇s water-religion, water-worship and water-lore. Water-religion, water-worship and water-lore are taken as the cultural kernel of Dai as well as considered to play an important role in Dai＇s Weltanschauung, world oudook and values. Being guided by the culture, Xishuangbanna Dai people has created a series of ritual and habits of using water, and a complete set of technology and system to make sustainable use of water and the way of managing water resource, which safeguard the harmonious progress between human beings and the nature in Xishuangbanna and make the place into the last oasis on tropic of cancer. It will be quite valuable for both theory and application to make a thorough research and systemic summarization on Dai＇s traditional water＇culture and make its nous and wisdom instruct our sustainable development today.