安顺屯堡与安顺屯堡人

Tunpu and the Folk of Tunpu in Anshun

安顺屯堡人是600多年前江南汉族文化的鲜活样本。这个特殊的汉族群体,具有丰厚的历史底蕴,与明代卫所屯田制有着密切的关系。在古安顺的地域,汉代已开始少数的屯田,据《元史》所载,元代今安顺一带已有屯军。明代大力推行的屯田制度促进了安顺屯堡的形成,同时也造就了安顺屯堡人群体。不过屯堡人的形成并非单一的,而有着复杂的演进过程。一般说安顺屯堡人是指这个妇女还保持"凤阳汉装"的汉族。随着卫所的解体,屯堡村落化加快,出现了屯堡区域的居民。对于屯堡人的考察,应从历史现象、文化现象、生活习俗、社会发展变迁等层面来审视。

With a rich historical deposition, Tunpu in Anshun is a live sample of Han Culture in the South of the lower reaches of the Yangze River over 6 0 0 years ago. It is closely related to the system of stationedsoldier fanning in Weisuo in the Ming dynasty. In the territory of ancient Anshun, there had few soldiers farming in the Han Dynasty. There had stationed army in the Yuan Dynasty. The system of stationed-soldier farming carried out in the Ming Dynasty sped up the formation of Tunpu in Anshun, meanwhile brought up a special group of people, the folk of Anshun. The forming of the folk of Tunpu is not a simple, but a complicated evolving process. Generally speaking, the folk of Tunpu refer to the women in the group who still wear ＂Han uniforms＂ . With the teardown of the system of stationed-soldier farming, Tunpun soon became a village with its territory expanded and population increased. Today we should view the folk of Tunpu from of historical aspect, cultural phenomenon, life customs and social changes and development.