上海市医疗废物集中处置现况调查与分析

A Cross-sectional Study and Analysis on Centralized Disposal of Medical Waste in Shanghai

[目的]掌握上海市医疗废物集中处置现状,分析存在的主要问题,提出相关对策建议。[方法]采用普查方式,对上海市4061家医疗卫生机构医疗废物集中处置情况进行调查。[结果]上海市医疗废物集中处置率已达到96.0%;医疗废物直接收运覆盖率为36.7%;161家医疗机构(基本为小型医疗机构)存在擅自自行处置医疗废物的情况,医疗废物收运频次尚未达到法定要求。[结论]上海市医疗废物基本实现集中处置,但处置方式尚不规范,收运频次未达法定要求,需争取政府更大支持,完善相应设施,同时加大监管和宣传培训力度,确保医疗废物得以安全处置。

[ Objective ] To investigate the current status of centralized disposal of medical waste in Shanghai, finding its existing problems and raising related countermeasures and suggestions. [ Methods ] All 4061 medical and health care units were surveyed about centralized disposal of medical waste by census. [ Results ] The proportion of centralized disposal of medical waste in Shanghai reached 96.0%. The coverage of direct collection and transportation of medical waste was 36.7%. In 161 units, most of which were small medical units, medical waste was found self-disposed without authorization. The frequency of collection and transportation of medical waste did not meet the legal requirements. [ Conclusion ] Although most medical waste in Shanghai has been centralized disposed, the disposal manner and the frequency of collection and transportation of the medical waste did not meet the specification. More support from local government is needed to strengthen the corresponding facilities and more supervision, publicity and training should be enforced to ensure proper disposal of the medical waste in Shanghai.