1294例戒毒者戒毒动机状况调查与分析

INVESTIGATION AND ANALYSIS OF THE MOTIVATION FOR ABSTAINING FROM DRUGS IN 1294 DRUG ADDICTS

目的:通过对1294例戒毒者戒毒动机状况调查与分析,了解不同状况戒毒者的戒毒动机特点,为寻找有效的戒毒方法提供参考。方法:用戒毒动机问卷调查不同状况戒毒者戒毒动机,然后对调查结果进行F检验、t检验、回归分析。结果:戒毒动机总分4.01±s0.55(全距为1-5分);避吸内部动机(4.34±s0.66)是戒毒动机最主要形式,其次是趋戒内部动机;女性戒毒动机强过男性(t=4.722,P<0.001);已婚者高过离异者,离异者强过未婚者(F=4.949,P<0.01);自愿戒毒者的戒毒动机(4.22±s0.52)强过强制戒毒者(3.94±s0.62)(t=4.288,P<0.000);随着年龄的增高,戒毒动机逐渐增强,差异具有显著性(F=4.675,P<0.01);戒毒2次的戒毒动机总分最高,以后随着戒毒次数的增加逐渐减弱,吸毒2a戒毒动机亦最高,6-10a最低,其他得分接近,但以上差异都不具有显著性;高中文化程度戒毒动机总分最高,小学、初中与大学相同或者相似,但差异不具有显著性;以戒毒动机为因变量回归分析,显著变量有3个:性别、年龄、吸毒年限。结论:戒毒者戒毒动机较强,分量表避吸内部是戒毒动机最主要形式;性别、婚姻状况、戒毒模式和不同年龄对戒毒动机有显著性影响,吸毒年限、戒毒次数与文化程度对戒毒动机不具有显著性影响。

Objective： To investigate the motivation for abstaining from drugs （MAD） in 1294 drug addicts and find out the motivation specialties of drug addicts at different status, which could offer reference to effective treatment for drug addiction. Methods ： A self - designed Motivation Questionnaire of Abstaining from Drugs（MQAD） was used to measure the MAD of drug addicts, then, T test, F test and regression were used to analyze the investigation result. Results：The chief score of.MQAD of the drug addicts was 4.01 ± s 0. 55 （ the highest score is 5 ）. Avoiding inner desire for drugs in the branch questionnaire was the main form of all MAD, the second highest motivation was inner tendency to drugs ; female MAD was stronger than that of the males＇ （ t = 4. 722, P 〈 0. 001 ）, then the married, the divorced, and the unmarried had the lowest score （ F =4. 949, P 〈0. 01 ） ;The motivation of drug addicts who voluntarily abstained from drugs （4. 22 ± s 0. 52） was stronger than those who were forced（3.94 ± s 0. 62, t = 4. 288, P 〈 0. 000） to do it, the difference was significant. The motivatibn was getting higher with the growth of age, which showed significant difference （ F = 4. 675, P 〈 0. 01 ）. Drug addicts who tried stopping using the drugs twice or who had used drugs for two years got the highest score in MQAD. The motivation was decreasing with the increasing of times for detoxification and duration of drug use, but the difference was not significant;education year did not have significant effect on MAD. The MAD was taken to dependent factors for regression, three marked variables were induced： gender, age and duration of drug use. Conclusion：The MAD of drug addicts is quite strong. Avoiding inner desire for drugs is the main motivation in the branch questionnaire. Generally, the avoidance from drugs and tendency to drugs is balance. Gender, marriage and age have great influence on MAD, while the duration of drug use, the times of relapse and education years have no prominent effect on MAD.