法国的新闻史研究

The Studies on French Journalism History

20世纪40年代法国新闻界欣欣向荣,但是第二次世界大战不仅涂炭生灵,而且也使新闻界遭受严重的打击。战后的历史学家开始反省战争对人类带来的灾难,在他们看来,审视媒体的自由程度是这个重大的历史命题不可回避的主要手段。本文就是从这个角度入手,希望能呈现20世纪40年代以来法国历史学界阐释新闻史的方法和重点,以及历史学家们如何以历史学为阵地捍卫新闻自由乃至民主权利的。最后,新闻史学史的研究还与社会经济史学史的发展轨迹近乎一致。本文试图向读者呈现两种学科的交融与分裂。

In the 1940s,the press in France appeared prosperous,however,before long there happened the World War II.Not only the countries but also their press had to face a knock down.The French historians from the end of 1940s began to study the history of press to exam the catastrophes of the war,to them,to exam the degree of free press is important and inevitable when facing on such a significant history subject.This article attempts to represent the image how our colleagues did this research,what were their methods and what attracted their attention.The academic history of the press history reflects also a tendency of 'new history'.I will try to give a view to the readers how these two specialties got together,and then went separate ways.