国有企业利润的主要来源及其社会福利含义

The Main Source of Profit for State-owned Enterprises and Its Implication of Social Welfare

对1999年以来我国国有工业利润增长源的分析显示,这种利润增长的主要源泉不是国有企业的高效率,而是国有工业在部分基础工业领域中的垄断地位以及由此而来的厂商定价权势。从社会整体的角度来看,这种高盈利意味着工业资源的低效率配置和潜在的社会福利损失。因而,进一步扩大和深化国有企业的产权改革,鼓励非国有企业的发展,提高基础工业领域的竞争性,将能显著改善我国工业的资源配置状况并增进社会的整体福利。

The profit increase of state-owned enterprises in industrial sector since the end of 1990s has been little about efficiency advance but the pricing powers of firms derived from inferior competition in some of basic industries. Such kind of profit increase means inefficient allocations of economic resources and potential losses of welfare in terms of entire society. It will be possible to improve the allocation of industrial resources and enhance the welfare of entire society significantly by extending the property restructurings of state enterprises, promoting the development of private enterprises, and strengthen the competition within basic industries further.