欧盟环境规制对我国纺织品与服装出口的绿色壁垒效应——基于我国四种纺织品与服装出口欧盟11国的面板数据分析:1990—2006

The Green Barrier of Trade Effect of EU's Environmental Regulations on Textile and Clothing Exported from China Based on Panel Data Analysis on China's Four Types of Textile and Clothing Exported to Eleven of the EU Member Countries: 1990-2006

本文采用引力模型,对1990—2006年我国短纤混纺布、棉制男衬衫、合成纤维制男式西服套装、棉制其他袜等四种纺织品和服装对欧盟11国的年度出口值进行面板数据分析,合并考察欧盟有关纺织品与服装的一揽子环境规制措施对我国纺织品与服装出口是否产生壁垒效应。本文拓展出环境规制严度变量的纵向赋值法,按规制措施对纺织品与服装出口影响强弱对环境规制严度变量赋予不同的增幅,在时间序列数据中对先后实施多项不同种类的环境规制措施如何进行计量分析的问题取得突破。本文指出,引力模型的变量设定要反映所考察产品的特殊性,并设定两个虚拟变量以反映我国纺织品与服装出口所特有的受配额限制的三个阶段。结果显示:欧盟有关纺织品与服装的一揽子环境规制措施对我国四种纺织品与服装的出口已构成绿色贸易壁垒。这一结果为欧盟环境规制构成绿色壁垒的论断提供了经验分析的证据。

By using gravity model, panel data analysis is conducted for China＇s blended staple fiber cloth, cotton shirts for men, synthetic fiber suit for men, and miscellaneous cotton socks exported to eleven of the European Union （EU） member countries from the year of 1990 to 2006, in order to investigate whether EU＇s environmental regulation package has green barrier of trade effect on China＇s export of textile and clothing （TC）. An approach of vertically assigned value is developed by the authors for stringency of environmental regulations （SER）, and the SER is assigned various values added according to the strength of the impact of environmental regulation on TC export, and hence a breakthrough has been achieved regarding the econometric analysis in time series on more than one environmental regulation measures of different types adopted at different time. It＇s pointed out by the authors that the variable setting must reflect the characteristic of the questioned products, and two dummies are set to reflect the three phases of quota restriction particularly against China＇s TC export. The result shows that the questioned EU＇s environmental regulation measures has constituted green barrier of trade to the questioned TC exported from China. An evidence based on empirical test is provided by this result to support the argument that EU＇s environmental regulations do constitute green barrier of trade.