黄河下游维持主槽不萎缩的输沙需水研究

Water demand for sediment transport to maintain the stable main channel in the Lower Yellow River

输沙需水是维持主槽不萎缩的重要条件。本文在考虑黄河下游非汛期冲刷、大漫滩洪水淤滩刷槽冲淤特点的基础上,根据非漫滩洪水水、沙及河道冲淤关系,研究提出了维持主槽不萎缩的输沙需水计算方法,并结合小浪底水库典型水沙调节方案,分析计算了黄河下游维持主槽不萎缩的输沙需水量变化范围。研究表明,主槽维持规模、来沙量、水沙过程是维持主槽不萎缩输沙需水的重要影响因素,小浪底水库合理调控黄河下游水沙搭配关系后,维持主槽不萎缩的输沙需水可明显减少。

Water demand for sediment transport is very important to maintain the main channel without withering. Based on the characteritics of erosion in non-flood season and deposition on floodplains and erosion in the main channel for big over-floodplain floods in the Lower Yellow River, the method to calculate the water demand for sediment transport to maintain main channel with no-withering is proposed in this paper. In addition, the extent of water demand for sediment transport corresponding to the same incoming sediment load for different flow and sediment processes is analyzed. It is shown that the incoming sediment load and flow-sediment process are two important factors affecting water demand for sediment transport. Proper regulation of flow and sediment by Xiaolangdi Reservoir can obviously reduce water demand for sediment transport in the Lower Yellow River.