HIV-1感染者CD_4^+T淋巴细胞及其各亚群细胞增殖和消亡情况的观察

Investigation on proliferation and death of CD_4^+ T cell and its subsets in HIV-1 infections

目的探讨艾滋病病毒Ⅰ型(HIV-1)感染者CD4+T淋巴细胞(CD4细胞)及其各细胞亚群:纯真细胞(TN)、中心记忆细胞(TCM)和效应记忆细胞(TEM)的增殖和消亡情况。方法观察23例未经抗病毒治疗、感染时间大于12个月的HIV-1感染者,以16例健康者为对照,通过流式细胞仪分析CD4+T淋巴细胞CD45RO和CD27的表达情况,把CD4细胞分为TN(CD45RO-CD2+7)、TCM(CD45RO+CD2+7)和TEM(CD45RO+CD2-7)三个亚群。以Ki-67抗原的表达代表细胞的增殖,AnnexinV检测阳性代表细胞的消亡,比较HIV-1感染组和健康组CD4细胞及其各个亚群增殖和消亡的情况。结果健康组(n=16例)CD4细胞增殖率为(0.36±0.24)%,各亚群增殖率分别为TN(0.07±0.05)%,TCM(0.57±0.52)%和TEM(0.40±0.39)%;CD4细胞消亡率为(6.30±2.41)%,各亚群消亡率分别为TN(4.43±2.21)%,TCM(6.58±2.50)%和TEM(12.47±8.98)%;与之相比,HIV-1感染组(n=23例):CD4细胞增殖率为(2.93±2.72)%(z=-4.511,P=0.000),各亚群增殖率:TN(0.52±0.42)%(z=-4.785,P=0.000),TCM(5.55±5.07)%(z=-4.241,P=0.000)和TEM(4.53±5.20)%(z=-3.884,P=0.000);CD4细胞消亡率为(23.59±16.27)%(z=-3.883,P=0.000),各亚群消亡率:TN(17.25±15.80)%(z=-2.227,P=0.026),TCM(25.16±16.55)%(z=-3.940,P=0.000),TEM(29.56±16.77)%(z=-3.626,P=0.000)。与健康组相比,HIV-1感染组CD4及其各细胞亚群增殖率和消亡率明显增加,差异有统计学意义。结论与健康组相比,HIV-1感染者CD4细胞及其各个亚群细胞消亡和增殖有明显增加,细胞进入高速更新的状态,纯真细胞亚群和记忆细胞亚群组成比没有明显变化。

Objective To observe the changes in proliferation and death of CD4＋ T cell （TCD4＋） and its subsets including naive CD＋ cell （TN）, central memory CD4＋ cell （TcM） and effect memory CD% T cell （TEM） in HIV-1 in- fected patients. Methods Sixteen healthy controls and 23 untreated HIV-1 infected patients whose infection dura- tion was over 12 months were enrolled for observation. Flow cytometry tests were carried out after routine staining. CD＋ T cells were divided into three subsets based on CD45 RO and CD27 expressions. They were TN （CD45 ROCD27＋ ）, TCM （CD45 RO＋ CD27＋ ）, and TEM （CD45 RO＋ CD27- ） respectively. Cell proliferation was indicated by Ki-67 antigen expression. Cell death was indicated by positive Annexin V stain. Cell proliferation and death rates were com- pared between the HIV-1 infected group and the healthy control group. Results The CD4＋ T cell proliferation rates in the healthy controls were TcD4＋ 0. 36%±0. 24%, TN0. 07%±0. 05%, TCM0. 57%±0. 52%, and TEM0. 40%± 0. 39% respectively. The death rates in the healthy controls were TCD4 ＋ 6.30%± 2.41%, TN 4. 43 %± 2. 21 %, TCM 6. 58 % ± 2. 50 %, and TEM 12. 47 %± 8. 98 % respectively. The proliferation rates in the HIV-1 infected group were TcD4＋ 2.93%±2.72%（z=-4.511,P=0.000）, TN0. 52% ± 0. 42% （z= - 4. 785, P= 0. 000） , TCM5.55%±5.07%（z=--4. 241,P=0. 000）, TEM4. 53%± 5. 20% （Z=- 3.884, P= 0.000）; the, death rates in this group were TCD4 ＋ 23.59 % ± 16.27 % （z = -- 3. 883, P =0.000）, TN17. 25% ±15. 80% （z= - 2. 227, P= 0.026）, TCM25.16% ± 16.55% （z = -- 3. 940, P= 0. 000）, and TEM29. 56%±16. 77%（z=--3. 626,P= 0. 000）. Compared with the normal controls, the proliferaiion and death rates in the HIV-1 infected group were dramatically increased and the changes had statistic difference. Conclusions Compared with the normal controls, the proliferation and death of CD＋ T cell and its sub- sets in the HIV-1 infected group were dramatically increased. CD＋ T cells were shifted into high flow-rate cell cyc- ling. The compositive ratios of naive CD＋ cell subset and memory CD＋ cell subset were unchanged in HIV-1 infected group.