福建省两市戒毒所和妇教所开展艾滋病检测与咨询的定性研究

A qualitative study of HIV testing and counseling for detainees in mandatory detoxification centers and female reeducation centers in Fujian province of China

目的了解福建省两市戒毒所和妇教所的工作人员和收容人员,对艾滋病检测与咨询的态度及实践情况。方法在戒毒所和妇教所采用专题小组讨论和个人深入访谈的方法,了解场所工作人员和收容人员对开展艾滋病检测与咨询的态度以及实施中的问题等。结果戒毒所和妇教所收容人员对艾滋病的认识不高,对高危行为带来的危害认识不足。每个进所的收容人员都进行了健康体检,包括艾滋病病毒(HIV)检测,但多数收容人员并不知道自己做过HIV检测。收容人员对在场所开展检测与咨询表示欢迎,表示不愿意做HIV检测的收容人员,其原因主要是自认为没有必要做和害怕受到歧视。结论在戒毒所和妇教所的收容人员,对艾滋病检测与咨询具有可接受性,需进一步规范和完善这些场所执行的艾滋病检测与咨询服务。

Objective To understand staff and detainees attitude toward providing HIV testing and counseling in mandatory detoxification centers and female reeducation centers. Methods Two focus group discussions among center staff and 26 in-depth interviews among detainees were conducted to collect the information on staff and detain- ees＇ attitude toward providing HIV testing and counseling in mandatory detoxification centers and female reeducation centers and issues to be considered in the process of implementing such service. Results Level of HIV/AIDS knowledge was inadequate among detainees, and many of them were not aware of their risk behaviors. Upon admis- sion, all detainees received a mandatory physical exam and laboratory tests for infectious diseases, including HIV tests without informing detainees. Most detainees welcomed provision of HIV testing and counseling in the center and intended to participate in such program. Main reasons for unwilling to do a HIV testing included： perception of low risk, fear of stigma and discrimination, etc. Conclusions HIV testing and conseling service within these close settings is acceptable to detainees in mandatory detoxication centers and femal reeducation centers, which requires further improvement and standardization.