黄河下游河道冲淤时空分布规律研究

Study on Temporal and Spatial Distribution Law of Scour and Fill of the Lower Yellow River Channel

根据黄河下游河道特征和进入下游河道的水沙条件,对下游河道冲淤的时空分布规律和冲淤量进行了研究,结果表明:下游河道冲淤量与花园口水文站的来沙系数有较好的相关关系;当进入下游河道的水沙条件与河道挟沙能力不相适应时,河道会自动迅速调整,调整速率沿程逐渐变小,进入艾山以下河段后河道冲淤时空分布规律趋于一致;根据推求的经验公式计算了小浪底水库运用初期下游河道冲淤量和冲淤强度的沿程分布,结果与实测值基本一致。

The paper studies the law of temporal and spatial distribution of scour and fill and the quantity of scour and fill of the lower river channel according to the characteristics and silt-discharge conditions of the lower channel.The outcomes show that the quantity of scour and fill of the lower river channel has a better correlation with the coefficient of incoming sediment of Huayuankou Hydrometric Station;the channel can be regulated automatically and rapidly when the silt-discharge conditions that flowed into the lower channel can not adapt to the sediment carrying capacity of the channel.The rates of regulation is getting smaller along with the channel and tend towards consistent with the law of temporal and spatial distribution of scour and fill after flowing into the channel of downstream Aishan.It calculates the distribution of the quantity and intensity of scour and fill of the lower channel at beginning operation of the Xiaolangdi Reservoir based on empirical formula.The result and observed data are basically the same.