光伏／燃料电池联合发电系统的建模和性能分析

Modeling and Performance Analysis of Photovoltaic/Fuel Cell Hybrid Power Generation Systems

为实现光伏发电系统连续稳定的电力供应,提出了一种光伏/燃料电池联合发电系统,该系统的主要元件包括光伏组件、燃料电池、电解池、压缩机、氢气罐和蓄电池等。建立了各元件的数学模型和系统成本模型,设计了能源管理策略协调系统的能源分配,采用高效的蓄电池满足负载短期需求,由寿命长、价格低的氢气罐长期存储大量能源。使用Matlab软件搭建了联合发电系统的仿真模型,并对系统成本和系统全年能源供需平衡的性能进行了分析。仿真结果表明,该光伏联合系统的经济性能优于光伏/蓄电池系统,可满足用户全年的负载需求,是大型电网的有力补充。

To ensure continuous and stable power supply of a stand-alone photovoltaic （PV） energy system, a photovoltaic/fuel cell （PV/FC） hybrid power generation system, which consists of PV modules, fuel cells, electrolyzers, compressors, hydrogen tanks, batteries and so on, is proposed. The mathematical models of the key comprnents and the system cost model are built as well as an energy management strategy is designed to coordinate the energy distribution. The batteries with high efficiency are used to satisfy the daily demand, and the cheap and long life hydrogen tanks are adopted to store a large amount of energy for a long time. In the environment of Matlab a simulation model of PV/FC hybrid power generation system is built, by which the system cost and the performance of annual balance between energy supply and demand of this system are analyzed. Simulation results show that the economic performance of the proposed PV/FC hybrid power generation system gains advantage over photovoltaic/battery system and can satisfy load load demand of consumers throughout the year, so it can be served as an effective supplement to traditional power grid as well as an important part of smart grid.