二语习得研究语言学视角的理论思考——形式—形态分离与句法—形态映射

Theoretical Considerations of the Linguistic Approach to SLA Research

中介语语法是既非L1语法亦非L2语法的自然语法,语法知识并不总是有形态表现,形态运用不能作为二语习得的充分必要证据。形式和形态不是同一个概念,形式是抽象的、看不见的,形态则是具体实现,二者未必有一一对应关系。显性形态的习得与抽象句法知识的习得可能是分离的,并非同步,句法和形态的映射才是二语习得的关键;中介语语言能力取决于学习者的句法一形态映射。

Interlanguage grammar is neither L1 grammar nor L2 grammar. It is argued that grammatical knowledge is not always morphologically realized. Morphological realization cannot be taken as sufficient and necessary evidence of L2 acquisition. Form and morphology are not identical in that the former is abstract and invisible while the latter is the materialization of the former, though not necessarily with one-to-one correspondence. The acquisition of overt morphology may occur independently of the acquisition of abstract syntactic knowledge and that the two are not necessarily in parallel progress. What counts is the mapping of syntax to morphology. Interlanguage competence is hypothesized to be determined by syntax-morphology mapping.