聚氨酯-纳米CaCO_3/PVC复合材料力学性能

Mechanical properties of polyurethane-nano-CaCO_3/polyvinyl chloride composites

在考察了聚氨酯-纳米碳酸钙/聚氯乙烯(PU-nano-CaCO3/PVC)反应挤出工艺的基础上,结合PU的反应特点,将经硬脂酸表面处理的nano-CaCO3利用超声辐照技术并经搅拌分散于液化4,4-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(L-MDI)中,采用反应挤出一步法工艺制备了PU-nano-CaCO3/PVC复合材料,并对其力学性能进行了研究。结果表明,PU与nano-CaCO3的质量配比为4∶1时,对PVC的增韧效果最佳,PU与nano-CaCO3能协同增韧PVC,且nano-CaCO3具有补强作用。当PU/nano-CaCO3/PVC质量比为20∶5∶75时,材料的综合性能最优,冲击强度达到58.3 kJ/m2,拉伸强度为51.5 MPa。

Based on studying the technological procedure of polyurethane（PU）-nanometer calcium carbonate（nano CaCO3）/polyvinyl chloride（PVC） blending, and combining with PU reaction characteristics, nano-CaCO3 with its surface treated by stearic acid was dispersed in liquefied 4, 4＇ - diphenylmethane diisocyanate（L - MDI） by ultrasonic wave irradiation technology and stirring operation, and then the PU - nano-CaCO3/PVC composite material was prepared by the one-step reactive extrusion technology. The mechanical properties of PU- nano-CaCO3/PVC were experimentally studied. The optimum toughening effectiveness is acquired when the mass ratio of PU to nano CaCO3 is 4 ： 1. There exists a synergism in toughening between nano CaCOa and PU, and nano CaCO3 plays a function of reinforcement. When the mass ratio of PU to nano-CaCOa to PVC is 20 ： 5 ： 75, the composite has excellent comprehensive properties with the impact strength of 58.3 kJ/m^2 and tensile strength of 51.5 MPa.