低温与振动联合作用对周围循环功能及神经功能的影响

Experimental study on combined effect of low temperature and vibration on peripheral circulation function and peripheral nerve function

目的探讨低温与振动联合作用对家兔周围循环功能与神经功能的影响。方法将64只家兔随机分为对照组、低温组、接振组以及联合作用组，每组16只。试验前后测定血浆中内皮素（ET）、血管紧张素Ⅱ（AngⅡ）、一氧化氮（NO）浓度以及感觉神经传导速度（SCV）、感觉神经动作电位波幅、感觉神经动作电位潜伏时、运动神经传导速度（MCV）、运动神经远端波幅、运动神经远端潜伏时的变化。结果试验后低温组ET浓度、AngII浓度、NO浓度以及SCV、动作电位波幅、动作电位潜伏时，MCV、远端波幅、远端潜伏时分别为（68．84±14．81）pg／ml、（544．01±70．20）pg／ml、（123．73±9．58）nmol／ml、（25．36±6．96）m／s、（1．84±0．65）μV、（4.05±1．04）m／s、（27．40±6．05）m／s、（1．60±0.52）μV、（3．51±1.30）m/s；接振组分别为（70．22±15．02）pg／ml、（540．77±68．25）pg／ml、（129．46±11．99）nmol／ml、（27．69±6．16）nds、（2．19±0．53）μV、（3．86±0．89）m／s、（30．03±5．21）m／s、（1．65±0．49）μV、（3．36±1．11）m／s；联合作用组分别为（88．47±13．20）pg／ml、（687．38±101．44）pg／ml、（70．66±4．99）nmol／ml、（20．82±3．65）m／s、（1．21±0．64）gV、（5．05±0．94）m／s、（19．97±4．37）m／s、（1．09±0．49）μV、（4．49±1．26）m／s。与试验前比较，试验后各试验组ET、AngII浓度升高，NO浓度降低；神经传导速度减慢，波幅降低，潜伏时延长，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。试验后，联合作用组ET、AngII浓度高于低温组和接振组，NO浓度低于低温组和接振组；联合作用组SCV、MCV慢于低温组和接振组，感觉神经动作电位潜伏时、运动神经远端波幅低于低温组和接振组，感觉神经动作电位潜伏时、运动神经远端潜伏时长于低温组和接振组，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。对各指标进行析因分析，结果显示，低温与振动间存在协同作用（P〈0．05）。结论低温能够加剧振动性周围循环功能与神经功能损伤。

Objective To study the combined effect of low temperature and vibration on function of peripheral circulation and nerve. Methods 64 rabbits were divided into control group, low temperature group, vibration group and conlbined effect group randomly, 16 each group. The changes of concentration of ET, Ang II, NO in plasma and SCV, amplitude of sensory nerve action potential, latency of sensory nerve action potential, MCV, distal amplitude of motor nerve, and distal latency of motor nerve were measured before and after experiment. Results After experiment, the concentration of ET, Ang II, NO and SCV, amplitude of sen- sory nerve action potential, latency of sensory nerve action potential, MCV, distal amplitude of motor nerve, and distal latency of motor nerve were （68.84±14.81） pg/ml, （544.01±70.20） pg/ml, （123.73±9.58） nmol/ml, （25.36±6.96） m/s, （1.84±0.65） txV, （4.05±1.04） m/s, （27.40±6.05） m/s, （1.60±0.52） IxV, （3.51±1.30） m/s re- spectively in low temperature group; （70.22±15.02） pg/ml, （540.77±68.25） pg/ml, （129.46±11.99） nmol/ml, （27.69±6.16） m/s, （2.19±0.53） txV, （3.86±0.89） m/s, （30.03±5.21） m/s, （1.65±0.49） tzV, （3.36±1.11）m/s respec- tively in vibration group ; （88.47±13.20） pg/ml, （687.38±101.44） pg/ml, （70.66±4.99） nmol/ml, （20.82±3.65） m/s, （1.21 ±0.64） μV, （5.05 ±0.94） m/s, （19.97±4.37） m/s, （1.09±0.49） μV, （4.49±1.26） m/s respectively in combined effect group; compared with pre-experiment, the concentration of ET and Ang II in low temperature group, vibration group and combined effect group were increased after experiment, and the NO was decreased （P〈0.05）; the nerve conduct velocity and amplitude was decreased and the latency was delayed （P〈0.05）. After experiment, the concentrations of ET and Ang II in combined effect group were higher than low temperature group and vibration group, and the concentration of NO in combined effect group was lower than low temperature group and vibration group （P〈0.05）. After experiment, the SCV and MCV in combined effect group were slower than low temperature group and vibration group; the amplitude of sensory nerve action potential and dis- tal amplitude of motor nerve were less than low temperature group and vibration group; the latency of sensory nerve action potential and distal latency of motor nerve in combined effect group was longer than low tempera- ture group and vibration group. The factorial analysis results indicated the synergistic effect between low tem- perature and vibration （P〈0.05）. Conclusion Vibration-induced peripheral vascular impairment and nerve impairment would be intensified by low temperature.