从雅克·拉康镜像理论视角阐释麦克白悲剧

An Interpretation of Macbeth from the Perspective of Jacque Lacan's Mirror Stage

本文认为悲剧中存在两个麦克白:一个是现实生活中的麦克白,一个是女巫预言中的麦克白。两个麦克白既认同,又竞争。结果是"真实自我"在矛盾中妥协和其位置被"想象自我"代替。"真实自我"开始"想象自我"欲望的实现过程。这个以他人生命为代价的主体性建构过程导致主体和周围环境发生矛盾,从而,引起个人命运朝相反方向发展。因此,麦克白悲剧的根源是他的自我认同以及在认同驱使下以他人生命为代价的建构过程。

The author thinks there are two Macbeths in the tragedy. One is the real Macbeth and the other is the Imaginary Macbeth described in the witches＇ predictions. The two Macbeths compete against and identifies with each other. The result is that the real Macbeth compromises in the contradiction and his place is taken by the imaginary, Macbeth. The real Macbeth begins his process of fulfilling the Imaginary Macbeth＇ s desire. The process results in the contradiction between the subject and his environment, henceforth, the reverse turn of individuals＇ destinations.