国产21种卫矛属药用植物叶表皮形态特征研究

Leaf epidermal features of 21 medicinal plants of Euonymus in China

目的:为了积累卫矛属EuonymusL.药用植物叶表皮形态特征方面的分类学资料,以探讨和解决分类学中的一些问题。方法:29份材料包括卫矛属5个组的21种植物(16种,4变种,1变型)叶表皮进行了光学显微镜(LM)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)下的比较研究。结果:表皮细胞一般呈不规则皱波状或者多裂深波状。气孔只存在于下表皮细胞(白杜和半常绿白杜除外)。气孔类型有无规则型、不等型、环列型及其过度类型。结论:研究表明,一些叶表皮形态特征(角质膜、保卫细胞形状、气孔外拱盖内缘、气孔外拱盖表面、气孔类型)包括能为卫矛属植物鉴定提供一些解剖学证据,支持如下分类处理:长梗刺果卫矛、刺果藤杜仲、疏花刺果卫矛应并入刺果卫矛;半常绿白杜并入白杜;披针叶卫矛应并入西南卫矛。

Objective： To accumulate taxonomic data of the leaf epidermal features of the medicinal species of Euonymus. Method： Twent-nine materials of 21 taxa （including 16 species, 4 varieties and 1 form） representing 5 sections of Euonymus are examined by using both of light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Result： The form of epidermal cells in Euonymus is usually polygonal or irregular. The stomata were anomocytic in all the species examined except E. maackii and E. bungeanus var. semipersistens. Stomatal types of all species studied may be anomocytic, anisocytic, cycolocytic or the transitional types among them. Conclusion： The results show that some characteristics （including cuticular membrane, shape of guard ceils, inner margin of outer stomatal rim, outer stomatal rim and stomata type） of the leaf epidermis can provide some anatomical evidence for the classification. The characteristics of leaf epidermis support following treatments ： E. acanthocarpus var. longipes, E. acanthocarpus var. scandens and E. acanthocarpus var. sutchuanensis should be merged into E. acanthocarpus; E. bungeanus var. semipersistens should be merged into E. maackii ; E. hamiltonianus f. lanceifolius should be merged into E. hamiltonianus.