地黄中梓醇的提取鉴定及其急性毒性试验

Separation and Identification of Catalpol from Rehmannia and its Acute Toxicity Test

玄参科植物地黄(Rehmanniae)是一种重要的常用传统补益中药,梓醇作为地黄中主要的环烯醚菇苷类成分,有文献研究表明其对早老性痴呆以及帕金森症有一定预防和治疗效果.地黄中环烯醚菇苷类化合物结构相似,较难分离.结合梓醇性质及研究文献,采取了以下提取工艺,即生地黄经丙酮回流,丙酮提取物经活性炭柱层析以除去其中大部分糖分,然后再经硅胶柱层析得到粗品,最后重结晶得到梓醇.接着用薄层层析法(TLC)和高效液相色谱法(HPLC)鉴定测定梓醇.结果表明:进样量为0.25μg时,实测值为0.245μg,纯度为98%.标准品和样品均呈褐黄色斑,Rf值一致.用小白鼠进行了急性毒性实验,结果表明:分离提取方法取得了较好的分离纯化效果,且梓醇毒性较小.

Radix Rehrnanniae is one of beneficial traditional Chinese medicine. Study on the literatures of iridoid glucosides from Radix Rehmanniae shows that Catalpol has hypoglycemic effect on senile dementia and Parkinson disease. Iridoid glucosides from Radix Rehrnanniae have large polarity, and it is difficult to be isolated from their similar structures. Combined the nature of catalpol with the study of literature, the following extraction process was taken： After the recirculation of Rehmanniae glutinosa by acetone, most of saccharide in acetone extracts is gotten rid of by activated carbon column chromatography, and then by silica gel column chromatography, to be crude, finally recrystallized to be catalpol. Then the thin layer chromatography （TLC） and high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） method were used to determine the catalpol. The purity is 98% while 0. 25 μg Catalpol was tested in HPLC. Rf figures and colors of Catalpol are the same with those of standard samples in TLC. Finally, the acute toxicity test of catalpol for mice show the extraction method gains a very good effect of the purification and the catalpol is of little toxicity.