新时期农村经济改革成功的原因再探

Further Probes into the Causes for the Success of Rural Reform in the New Period

十一届三中全会后农村经济改革的成功主要归功于家庭承包经营的实行和推广,但同时也应看到一些尚被人们忽视的重要因素——国家在这一时期采取提高粮食收购价、限定粮食征购数量而扩大进口粮食等特殊政策,为农民多劳多得的承包积极性提供了持续的推动力和可行条件。另外,从生产力决定生产关系的基本原理考察,"四三方案"引进大化肥成套设备的投产,成倍地增加了单位化肥施用量;籼型杂交水稻和高产小麦的研制成功和推广,将粮食亩产大幅度增加,都使得农村经济改革如虎添翼,取得了粮食产量连上新台阶的巨大成就。这些因素共同促使新时期农村经济改革顺利进行并最终取得成功。

The success of rural economic reform after the Third Plenary Session of the CPC Eleventh Central Committee was attributed mainly to the practice and popularization of the contracted household responsibility system with remuneration with output,but we should also see other important factors overlooked by the people up to now,including special policies adopted by the state of marking up the purchase price of grain,restricting the quantities of grain to be purchased from the peasants and importing more grain,which gave sustained impetus and conditions for the peasants to maintain their enthusiasm of production.Besides,as seen from the light of the productive forces determining the relations of production,the operation of big fertilizer whole equipment imported according to the'4.3-Billion -Dollar Program'doubled the quantity of fertilizer applied and the invention of indica hybrid rice and high-yield wheat and their popularization greatly increased the grain yield,which further promoted the rural economic reform and as a result the grain output scaled a new height every few years.All these factors jointly contributed to the smooth progress and success of rural economic reform in the new period.