外商技术转移对我国自主研发的影响

Impact of Foreign Technology Transfer on Indigenous R&D in China

本文在累积创新框架下建立一个动态博弈模型探讨外商技术转移对东道国自主研发的影响。理论分析认为,FDI与技术许可(或其它形式技术交易)均具有促进或抑制东道国自主研发的效应。运用中国36个分行业的工业企业在1999—2004年的面板数据进行系统GMM估计发现:技术贸易对我国企业研发投入既产生直接的替代效应,也通过技术溢出提升企业技术创新能力;FDI在短期对自主研发表现出显著促进与抑制作用,但长期影响不显著;FDI的技术溢出效应无论短期或长期效应均不显著。

This article establishes a dynamic game model within the framework of cumulative innovation to explore the impact of foreign technology transfer on indigenous R＆D. The game model demonstrates that both FDI and Licensing （include other styles of technology trade） has two effects： positive and negative. Using the industrial panel data on China＇s both large- and medium-sized enterprises during 1999-2004 to conduct system GMM estimation, this paper examines these effects. Our results show that technology purchased have both the direct substitute effect to reduce the R＆D investment, and the indirect technology spillover effect to promote the indigenous R＆D investment; the competition effect of FDI has significant promoting and prohibiting influence in the short term, but not in the long term; the spiilover effect of FDI is not significant in either long term or short term. Combining the theoretical and empirical study together, we conclude that technologies we purchased are indeed advanced and our innovation ability has improved through technology imports, and FDI has no significant influences on our innovation activity.