晶硅太阳电池组件年输出性能的数值模拟

NUMERICAL SIMULATIN OF THE ANNUAL YIELD OF CRYSTALLINE SILICON SOLAR PANELS

通过对实际过程的分析,建立了一套可描述一年中任意时刻晶硅太阳电池组件的电输出和温度特性的数学模型。对比验证实验证明了该文模型的可靠性:模型计算结果与实测结果吻合较好,能够正确反映出电池组件电输出和温度在实际气象条件下的变化趋势,温度的最大瞬时误差为19.0%,全天总电量输出的误差仅为1.4%。以北京地区作为算例,采用近二十年实测气象数据的统计值代入计算,结果表明随着安装倾角β的变化,北京地区单位峰瓦晶硅电池组件的年输出电量为0.95～1.11kWh,并在β=40°时出现最大值。月输出电量具体分布情况为夏季5～7月份占全年总输出电量的38%,冬季11～1月份约占14%,同时电池组件在夏季时的转换效率要低于冬季。

Abstract： A numerical model was established to study the performance of electrical yield and temperature of crystalline silicon solar PV panels. Validating experiment shows that the simulated results are consistent with the measured results,and are in good agreement with the variation of the electrical power and temperature of solar PV panels under practical weather conditions. The maximum instantaneous error of temperature is 19.0%, while the error of daily electrical yield is only 1.4%, which verifies the reliability of the model. Beijing was taken as a simulating example and statistical-averaged meteorological data were employed in the model. Simulated results reveal that the annual yield of unit peak watt solar PV panel in Beijing district is 0.95 - 1. llkWh when varying with the mounted angle β, and the maximum value is obtained when β=40°. The electrical yield in summer takes up - 38 % of the annual value, while the yield in winter accounts for - 14%. The results of monthly yield also show the efficiency of solar PV panels in summer is lower than that in winter.