玉米果穗完整率在品种评价中的应用

Application of Ear Integrity Rate in Variety Evaluation of Maize

玉米产量与群体中个体果穗均匀程度关系密切。提出玉米果穗完整率是对一般描述“果穗均匀”性状的1种数值表达，实现以量化的方法评价个体在群体中的协调稳定性。测定了13个玉米品种的果穗完整率，并以此为根据，对品种进行了评价。结果表明：在6万株／hm2种植密度下，13个玉米品种的果穗完整率变幅在71．6％～91．0％；单穗粒重达到205g以上、果穗完整率达到76％以上的品种，容易实现12000．0kg／hm。以上的产量目标。单穗粒重最高（252．9g）、果穗完整率最高（91％）的品种，实现了最高产量15007．5kg／hm2。高产品种须具备高的果穗完整率。

The yield of maize was closely related to the uniformity degree of ear. The character of uniformity degree of ear was expressed numerically by the ear integrity rate to evaluate the coordinated stability of individual in the population of maize. The ear integrity rates of 13 maize varieties were determined, and the varieties were evaluated based on the determination results. The results showed that the variable amplitude of ear integrity rate was from 71.6% - 91.0%. The yields of the varieties with the grain weight per spike 〉 205 g and the ear integrity rates 〉 76% were easy to reach over 12 000. 0 kg/hm2 under the planting density of 60 000 plants per hectare. The yields of the varieties with the grain weight per spike 〉252.9 g and the ear integrity rates 〉 91% reached the highest （15 007.5 kg/hm2） . The high yielding variety had high ear integrity rate.