清代湘西苗疆“苗官制”探析

The Exploration on the Qing Dynasty's System of Miao Rulling over Miao in the Areas Inhabited by Miao People of Xiangxi

清中后期乾嘉苗民起义之后,清朝统治者重新调整了治理湘西苗疆的策略,采取了"以苗治苗"的民族政策,在湘西苗疆实施了"苗官制"。"苗官制"的诞生,冲击了苗族基层社会具有明显原始残余的传统组织制度,削弱了苗族社会宗族、亲族体系的合力,缓和了苗疆民族矛盾和阶级矛盾,对湘西苗疆苗族社会的发展起到了一定的推动作用。

After suppressing the rebellion launched by Miao people from 1795 to 1797, the Qing Dynasty made readjustments to ruling the areas inhabited by Miao people of Xiangxi and implemented the national policy, namely the System of ＂Miao Ruling over Miao＂. The birth of the System of Miao Ruling over Miao attacked the primitive organization system of Miao ethnic＇s traditional society, weakened the joint forces of Miao ethnic＇s clan, and alleviated the ethnic conflicts and the class contradictions in Xiangxi. The System of Miao Ruling over Miao is the impetus to the development of Miao ethnic society in Xiangxi.