凝析气藏井筒积液的诊断及排除方法综述

An overview of liquid loading diagnosis and removal methods for condensate gas reservoirs

井筒积液是凝析气藏产量下降的一个重要因素,如不及时发现和排除,气井有可能因积液严重而水淹。及时预测井筒积液的形成对有效采取合理的措施起到关键性作用。分析了凝析气藏井筒积液产生的原因,概括了纯气井和气液同产井井筒积液的诊断方法,如生产测试法、生产数据对比法、临界流量分析法、试井解释法和节点分析法等。最后,全面综述了油田正在推广使用的各种典型排水采气技术,主要有油管排液、N_2排液、泡沫排液、机械排液、超声波排液和天然气循环排液等。现场需根据单井实际情况,选择适合的排液技术。

Liquid loading is one of the important causes of production decline in condensate gas reservoirs.If not found and removed in time,serious liquid loading may cause watered-out in gas well.Promptly forecasting the formation of liquid loading plays a key role in taking effective and proper measures.This paper analyzes the reasons for liquid loading in condensate gas reservoirs,summarizes diagnosis methods for pure gas well and gas-liquid co-producing well,such as production test method,production data comparative method,critical flow rate analytic method,well test interpretive method,nodal analysis method and so on.Finally,this paper reviews various techniques of draining water and producing gas which are popularizing in oilfields,such as tubing liquor drainage, N_2 liquor drainage,froth liquor drainage,mechanical liquor drainage,ultrasonic wave liquor drainage,natural gas circulation liquor drainage and so on.Proper liquor drainage techniques shall be applied according to actual single well situation.