基于扩展的生命机制概念的城市土地利用演变CA模拟

The Cellular Automata of Urban Land Use Evolvement Based on Extended Concept of Vital Mechanism

城市土地利用演化的实质是人为干预下城市生态景观的自组织机制作用过程,自组织机制的渐变特征与人为干预的突变特征共同演绎了城市土地利用演化永无止境的运动轨迹。城市生态机制理论充分考虑了城市生态景观、自组织机制和人为干预调控等因素,提出了城市土地利用演化的"生命机制"和"欲望"等概念,比较真实自然地反映了城市土地利用演化的实质。但地理特征CA的建模思想中邻居模型过于简单,对宏观因素和微观因素的综合影响考虑不足,也未考虑元胞自身扩展能力的变化和城市发展中的随机现象,元胞转换规则也趋于全局统一,缺乏局部修正能力。将依据城市生态机制理论,借助欲望等概念,引入基于焦点引力和属性的邻居模型,并在原转换规则的基础上加入了对元胞自身扩展能力的变化以及多约束因素综合作用的支持,也考虑了城市因素发展过程中的随机现象,并尝试引入微观因素对元胞转换规则进行局部修正是以使转换规则更趋于真实,最后对原有理论的欲望数组结合本文数据特点进行了修正并运用GIS技术对理论框架进行了实现,并将之应用到深圳特区城市土地演变研究中。

Urban land use evolvement is a self-organized urban ecological process controlled by human interference. It is a ceaseless process due to characters of the self-organized mechanism and the human interference system. The essence of urban land use evolvement can be interpreted by urban ecological mechanism theory veritably as it takes urban ecological landscape, self-organizing mecha- nism and human interference into account and puts forward concepts of vital mechanism and demand of urban land use evolvement. However the framework of GeoFeature-CA model needs further improvement as the existing neighbor model is too simple. First,it fails to take sufficient maeroscopical and microcosmic factors into account. Second, fluctuation in expand ability of cell and the random phenomena are not included. Third,rule of cell evolvement fails to adapt to local environment. Consequently ,based on the urban ecological mechanism theory and vital mechanism ,we make several advantages of neighbor model. The new model which is based on gravitation of focus and the attribute take fluctuation in cell expand ability and the random phenomena into consideration. Besides, microcosmic factors are included for better simulation. Then we use Shenzhen as a case study and simulate land use evolvement assisted by GIS technology.