文学翻译在中国近代社会的发生

On the Occurrence of Literature Translation in Modern China

在戊戌变法以前,中国近代的翻译主要是洋务派的科技翻译,后扩大到社科领域。此时,人们基于自身固有的文学观念,并不重视文学翻译,仅有若干零星的"以中化西"的自发翻译。戊戌变法时期,近代文学翻译在特定视域下"误读"西方文学——主要是小说,认为它是西方"开民智"的启蒙利器与政治宣传的工具。此时,中国社会完成了对文学翻译大规模兴起的思想准备,之后文学翻译被实质性地纳入到了中国文学变革的内部。

Before the Reform Movement of 1898 ,translation in China was mainly about translation of science and technology by the Westernization Group;later it extended into the field of social sciences. Due to the self inherent concept of literature, little attention was given to literature translation at that time ,only some sporadic translation was seen. During the Movement,modern literature translation--under specific field of view--misunderstood Western literature （mainly novels）,regarding it as an enlightenment,or political propagandistic tool. Then Chinese society was ideologically prepared for a large-scale literature translation,and literature translation was practically accepted as a part of Chinese literature revolution.