国外地震相划分技术研究新进展

Advances in seismic facies classification technology abroad

介绍了国外地震相划分的主要几种方法——波形分类法、地震结构属性映射法和地震地貌学法的基本原理和应用条件。波形分类法是基于波形特征的地震相划分方法,具有分类简单,算法成熟的特点,适合于大级别沉积相带的划分。地震结构属性映射法是利用已知的地震反射特征在一个小的空间内建立灰度协概率矩阵,再通过有关参数进行地震相的描述,具有较好的物理基础及人机交互性。地震地貌学法是在地震反射特征无法区分沉积相的情况下,利用沉积相带平面分布模式来识别地震相,需要在一定的地质认识下才能使用。

This paper introduced the advances in seismic facies classification technlolgy abroad,and discussed the basic principles and applications of waveform classification,seismic texture classification and geomorphology-base facies classification.Waveform classification is based on characteristics of seismic waveform.It is simple and mature in calculation scheme,and is suitable for classification of large scale sedimentary facies.Seismic texture classification distinguishes different seismic facies by establishing a gray-level probability matrix from seismic texture in a small space and then calculating the relevant parameters.This method is established on a sound physical base and is easy to implement interactively.Geomorphology-base facies classification works if seismic reflection characteristics fail to differentiate sedimentary facies.It should not be used without prior knowledge about the geology of the prospect.