高温胁迫下华南茄子的耐热性表现及其鉴定指标的筛选

Morphological Response to Heat Stress and Screening of Assessment Indexes for Heat Tolerance in Eggplant(Solanum melogena L.) in South China

以6份茄子为材料研究了高温胁迫对幼苗热害指数、细胞膜相对电导率、脯氨酸含量的影响及其与田间自然鉴定结果的对应关系,结果表明,分段高温处理的热害指数和连续高温处理下的细胞膜电导率可以有效区分不同茄子材料幼苗的耐热性,且两者鉴定结果与田间鉴定结果基本一致,可作为茄子苗期室内快速鉴定的首选指标;脯氨酸含量变化没有规律,较难反映不同茄子幼苗间的耐热性差异;此外,对青枯病的抗性可以作为南方茄子耐热性综合评价的辅助指标。春季和秋季茄子开花、结果的比较研究表明,高温胁迫下坐果率、商品果率、果长、单果重和商品果产量有较大幅度下降,但不一定造成茄子正常花率的降低,果周径所受影响也较小。

The changing laws of heat injury index, electrical conductivity, proline content as well as their correlation of 1 hybrid Fland 5 inbred lines eggplants under heat stress were studied. The results showed that heat injury index and electrical conductivity could be used to effectively differentiate the heat tolerance of different eggplant seedlings and their assessing results were significantly correlated and similar to those assessed in open field in sum- mer,but the proline content couldn＇t. Furthermore, the resistance to bacterial wilt （Pseudononas solanacearum） could be considered as a assisted screening index of comprehensive assessment for heat tolerance in eggplant in South China. Compared with those planted in spring, the eggplants planted in summer produced much shorter fruits, significantly lighter average fruit weight and total commercial fruit weight, and had lower fruit setting rate and commercial fruit rate, while the long-styled flower rate and the fruit perimeter changed slightly.