高淀粉多抗甘薯新品种徐薯25的选育及特性评价

Breeding and Evaluation of New Sweetpotato Cultivars Xushu 25 with High Starch Content and Multi-disease Resistance

高淀粉多抗甘薯新品种徐薯25利用高产综合性状较好的徐薯18为母本,高干高抗优异材料徐781为父本,通过人工控制授粉杂交、多点综合鉴定筛选育成;2007年通过国家甘薯新品种鉴定,鉴定编号为国品鉴甘薯200702;2008年通过山东省品种审定,审定编号为鲁农审2008040。通过对徐薯25特征特性、生产力、抗病性、品质性状以及产量形成的生理特点进行深入研究表明:鲜薯产量与高产兼用品种徐薯18持平,薯干产量比徐薯18增产15%以上,薯块干物质含量则比徐薯18高4.24%;徐薯25在总光合势、净同化率等方面与徐薯18相似,其获得高产主要依赖于光合产物合理的分配,物质生产属"经济系数型";徐薯25高抗茎线虫病、根腐病、蔓割病;薯块粗蛋白、薯块还原糖、薯块可溶性糖和叶片粗蛋白均高于徐薯18。

A new sweetpotato cuhivars Xushu 25 with high starch content and multi-disease resistance was developed from female parent Xushu 18 with high yield,excellent characteristics and male parent Xushu 781 with high dry matter content, high disease resistance by crossing manually and identification in multi-place. It was identified as National Varieties Appraisal Sweetpotato 200702 by the National Sweetpotato New Varieties Appraisal Committee in 2007, and approved by Shandong provincial Crop Varieties Appraisal Committee in 2008, the No. Lunong 2008040. The traits, productivity, disease resistance, Quality characters, and physiological characters of yield of Xushu 25 had been studied. The results indicated that the fresh storage root yield was similar with check variety Xushu 18, and dry matter yield was increasing more than 15% ,and dry matter content of storage root was high 4.24 point in percentage. Similar with check variety in total photosynthesis area, net photosynthetic rate, Xushu 25 had high dry matter yield mainly depending on reasonable distribution of photosynthetic yield,and it belonged to the type of ＂ economy coefficient＂ . It showed high resistance to stem nematode,root rot,and Fusarium wilt,and it was higher than check variety Xushu 18 in crude protein content, reduced sugar, and water-soluble sugar in storage root dry matter, and crude protein content in leaf.