广州茶滘街社区高血压病的发病率、知晓率及治疗依从性研究

Hypertension in the Chajiao community of Guangzhou: a study on prevalence,awareness and compliance to treatment

目的了解广州市荔湾区茶滘街社区高血压病的发病率、知晓情况及依从性,为进一步做好高血压病的预防提供资料。方法随机抽取该社区住户中年龄≥20岁的居民2420名(社区总人口的8.77%),给予问卷调查并测量血压。判定高血压的标准为:收缩压≥140 mmHg和(或)舒张压≥90 mmHg。判定单纯收缩期高血压的标准为收缩压≥140 mmHg且舒张压<90 mmHg。结果该社区20岁以上人员高血压病的发病率为16.12%,其中58.72%的高血压患者没有认识到自己患有高血压。在既往确诊病例中,70.19%的患者对降压治疗无良好的依从性。单纯收缩期高血压的发病率为4.71%。年龄≥60岁的高血压病患者中有43.56%为单纯收缩期高血压。结论广州市荔湾区茶滘街社区高血压病高发,有超过一半的高血压患者对自己患有高血压病不知晓。在老年高血压患者中,单纯收缩期高血压患者不少。大部分患者依从性差,仅少部分患者可将血压控制在理想水平。在社区内定期对居民血压进行普查并进行宣教是必要的。

Objective To determine the prevalence,awareness,compliance of hypertension （HT） ,and offer the basic material for doing a good job of prevention of hypertension in the Chajiao community of Guangzhou. Methods 2420 subjects who were ≥20 years of age were enrolled at random（8.77% of the population of this community） A questionnaire was administered and the blood pressure （BP） was measured, HT was defined as systolic pressure （SBP） ≥ 140mmHg or/and diastolic blood pressure （DBP） ≥90mmHg. Isolated systolic hypertension （ISH） was defined as SBP≥140mmHg with DBP 〈 90 mmHg. Restdts The overall prevalence of ST was 16.12% in the community who were ≥20 yearsof age,of whom 58.72% were unaware of their hypertensive status. Of those aware of having HT,70. 19% were non-compliant with their anti-hyportensive drug. Prevalence of ISH was 4.71% and 43.56% is ISH in patients who were ≥60 years of age. Conclusions This study shows that prevalence d HT in the Chajiao community is high and over half are unaware of their hypertensive status. ISH is 43.56% of liT in the elderly, compliance to treatment is poor and optimal BP control is achieved in only a small minority. The study highlights the need for regular screening coupled with educational programs to detect and optimally treat HT in the community.