城镇中学体育特长生运动损伤及其处理对策

ATHLETIC INJURY IN STUDENTS WITH SPORTS TALENT IN TOWN MIDDLE SCHOOLS AND ITS MANAGEMENT

目的探讨城镇中学体育特长生运动损伤的情况,为运动损伤的预防提供参考。方法对城镇的全日制中学体育特长生352例运动损伤的情况进行问卷调查。结果城镇中学体育特长生运动损伤绝大多数是急性损伤(93%),慢性损伤病例较少(5%);软组织的挫伤发生率最高,总数为169例,以踝关节的损伤最多(73例),膝关节的损伤次之(47例)。除了软组织损伤以外,其他的损伤还有肌肉拉伤(52例),腰背肌损伤(48例)等。损伤人数较多的运动项目分别为跳跃(67例)、跨栏(60例)、踢足球(52例)等。结论运动损伤的发生与损伤部位的生理特点及各项运动技术特点有关。运动员必须在思想上对运动损伤给予高度重视,并遵循体育锻炼的原则,加强身体的全面锻炼,提高身体对运动的适应能力,尤其要加强对身体易伤部位的锻炼及保护措施。

Objective To investigate the sports injury in sports-talent students of town middle schools, in order to provide a related precaution. Methods A questionnaire was used to survey 352 students with sports specialty in town-ship full-time middle schools. Results Most injuries were acute （93%）, chronic ones accounted for 5 %. The incidence of contusion of soft tissue was the highest, accounting for 169 cases; mostly involved the ankle （73 cases）, followed by knee joint. In addition to soft tis sue contusion, orther injures included pulled muscle （52 cases） and back injury （48 cases）. Most injury occurred during jumping （67 cases）, tabbing （60 cases） and football playing （52 cases）. Conclusion The occurrence of aithletic injury is related to the physiological features of the injured part and the type of the sports. Athlets should think highly of the injury, follow the principles of physical training, enhance allround exercise, and increase the body adaptibility, especially for the locations which are easily injured.