儿童维生素A缺乏对感染性疾病的影响

Effect of vitamin A deficiency of children on infectious diseases

目的:了解儿童血清维生素A缺乏(vitamin A deficiency,VAD)与感染性疾病的关系。方法:采取整群分层抽样抽取福建省9个地市3178名5岁以下儿童,检测维生素A,对其疾病史进行询问。结果:近3个月患急性呼吸道感染(ARI)、腹泻的儿童维生素A缺乏患病率为明显高于正常儿童;有腹泻的儿童维生素A缺乏患病率为无腹泻的2.37倍;等级剂量分析显示,发现腹泻次数越多,儿童维生素A缺乏患病率越高;有呼吸道感染的儿童维生素A缺乏患病率明显高于无呼吸道感染儿童,存在明显差异。结论:亚临床VAD是引起儿童发生急性感染性疾病的重要原因之一。婴儿早期预防应从服用鱼肝油开始,多食胡萝卜、肝脏等维生素A含量高的食物才是预防维生素A缺乏的根本方法,也是最有效、最迅速、经济的手段;同时口服维生素A对感染性疾病是一项有效而廉价的预防和辅助治疗的措施。

Objective： To understand the relationship between vitamin A deficiency （VAD） of children and infectious diseases. Methods： 3 178 children under 5 years old were selected by stratified cluster sampling, the level of vitamin A was detected. Results： The incidences of acute respiratory infections （ARI） and diarrhea in VAD group were higher than those in control group; the incidence of VAD in children with diarrhea was 2.37 times higher than that in children without diarrhea; the incidence of VAD increased with the more times of diarrhea; the incidence of VAD in children with respiratory infections was higher than that in children without respiratory infections. Conclusion ： Subclinical VAD is a effect factor of ARI in children. The prevention measures of VAD include ： taking cod liver oil early and more food rich in vitamin A. Taking vitamin A orally is an effective and low -cost prevention and treatment.