不同抑郁状态个体的人格特征研究

A study on personality characteristic in individuals with different depression states

目的探讨不同抑郁状态个体的人格特征。方法以贝克抑郁量表（BDI）、自评抑郁量表（SDS）、CCMD-3和汉密顿抑郁量表为工具筛选出了79名正常对照组、170名抑郁情绪组、24名抑郁康复组和24名抑郁患者组被试，所有被试完成艾森克人格问卷测量。结果艾森克人格问卷各维度与抑郁得分显著相关，P、N分与抑郁得分正相关，E分与抑郁得分负相关，相关系数在-0．258—0．524之间；4组被试的人格各维度分差异有显著性（F=30．309，F=29．787，F=119．277，P〈0．01），抑郁患者组和抑郁康复组P、N分显著高于其他2组[P分分别为（58．04±7．58）分、（57．50±6．10）分、（42．95±7．11）分和（51．58±10．08）分；N分分别为（61．93±12．48）分、（62．34±6．20）分、（36．94±9．22）分和（55．30±7．33）分]，E分低于其他2组[分别为（48．92±8．11）分、（51．24±3．87）分、（63．30±7．81）分和（54．83±8．96）分]；不同人格维度得分时抑郁得分差异有显著性（F=28．210，F=20．366，F=79．556，P〈0．01），P、N分越高抑郁水平越高，E分越低抑郁水平越高。结论人格与抑郁显著相关，内向、神经质人格是抑郁的特质特征而非状态特征。

Objective To investigate the personality characteristic in individuals with different depression states. Methods 79 never disordered control participants（ NC ） , 170 subclinical depressed participants, 24 participants who experienced depressive episode in their lives but were currently remitted（RMD） , and 24 participants diagnosed with a current major depressive disorder （MDD） were recruited with Beck depression inventory （BDI） , self-rating depression scale （ SDS ） , Hamilton depression rating scale （HAMD） and China diagnostic criteria of mental disorder-3 （CCMD-3） as tools. All participants completed Eysenck personality questionnaire. Results There was a significant correlation between the scores of P, N, E and the scores of BDI and SDS, the Pearson＇ s correlation coefficients were between - 0. 258 and 0. 524. The MDD and RMD had higher scores on the P, N scores than other two groups （F = 30.309, F = 29. 787, P 〈 0.01, P scores were 58.04 ＋ 7.58,57.50 ＋ 6.10,42.95 ＋ 7.11 and 51.58 ＋ 10.08 ; N scores were 61.93 ＋ 12.48,62.34 ＋ 6.20,36.94 ＋ 9.22 and 55.30 ＋ 7.33 ,respectively） while they had lower scores on the E scores than other two groups（F= 119. 277, P〈0.01,48.92 ＋ 8.11, 51.24 ＋ 3.87,63.30 ＋ 7.81 and 54.83 ＋ 8.96,respectively）. There were significant differences on the BDI scores with different P,E, N scores （F = 28. 210, F = 20. 366, F = 79. 556, P 〈 0.01 ）, and the BDI scores were higher under higher psychoticism and neurotic scores while the scores were lower under higher extroversion scores. Conclusion There is a significant correlation between depression and personality, neurotic and introversion are traitlike characteristics but not state markers of depression.