父母养育方式、人格特征与大学生生存质量关系的结构方程模型

A structural eguation modeling on the relationships between parental rearing patterns, personality characteristics and quality of life in college students

目的探讨父母养育方式、人格特征与大学生生存质量的关系。方法采用分层整群抽样方法，用世界卫生组织生存质量量表简表中文版（WHOQOL-BREF）、父母养育方式评价量表（Egma Minnen av Bardndosnauppforstran，EMBU）和艾森克人格问卷（Eysenck Personality Questionnaire，EPQ）对某市综合性大学1306名大学生进行测评，然后用结构方程模型分析软件Amos（Analysisof Moment Structures）7．0建立结构方程模型。结果结构方程模型分析结果显示，父母情感温暖对内外倾维度有直接（正向）影响（β=0．261，P〈0．05）、对病态人格有直接（负向）影响（β=0．295，P〈0．05）；父母不良养育方式（惩罚严厉、过分干涉、拒绝否认和过度保护）、父母偏爱被试对病态人格有直接（正向）影响（分别β=0．456，β=0．132，P〈0．05）；内外倾维度对生存质量有直接（正向）影响（β=0．300，P〈0．05）；病态人格对生存质量有直接（负向）影响（β=-0．617，P〈0．05）；父母情感温暖通过内外倾途径和病态人格途径间接影响生存质量（β=0．260，P〈0．05）；父母不良养育方式、父母偏爱被试可通过病态人格途径间接影响生存质量（分别β=-0．281，β=-0．081，均P〈0．05）。结论父母养育方式对大学生的生存质量可能有间接影响；人格特征对大学生的生存质量可能有直接影响，人格特征作为“中介变量”调节父母养育方式与大学生生存质量的关系。

Objective To explore the relationships between parental rearing patterns, personality characteristics and quality of life （QOL） in college students. Methods Through cluster-stratified sampling, 1306 students in Changsha were investigated using the Chinese version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life Brief Scale （ WHOQOL-BREF ）, the Egma Minnen av Bardndosnauppforstran （ EMBU ） and Eysenck Personali- ty Questionnaire（ EPQ ）. A structural equation modeling （ SEM ） was applied by AMOS （ Analysis of Moment Structures ） version 7.0. Results The SEM showed that parental emotional warmth of EMBU had directly posi- tive effect on introversion-extroversion dimension of EPQ （β=0. 261, P 〈0. 05 ） and directly negative effect on morbid personality （ neuroticism, psychoticism ） of EPQ（β = - 0. 295, P〈 0.05）. The mal-parental rearing patterns（ strict punishment, over-interference, rejection and denial, over-protection ） and parental preference of EM- BU had directly positive effects on morbid personality （β = 0. 456,β = 0. 132, respectively, all P〈 0.05 ）. The introversion-extroversion dimension of EPQ had directly positive effect on QOL（β = 0. 300, P〈 0.05 ）. The morbid personality had directly negative effect on QOL（/3 = -0. 617, P〈 0.05 ）. The parental emotional warmth had indirect effects on QOL through introversion-extroversion dimension and morbid personality path （β= 0. 260, P 〈 0.05）. The mal-parental rearing patterns and parental preference of EMBU had indirect effects on QOL through morbid personality path（β = -0. 281, β = -0.081 ,respectively,all P〈0.05）. Conclusion Parental rearing patterns may have indirect effects on QOL of college students. Personality characteristics may have direct effects on QOL of college students. Personality characteristics as a mediated variable mediates the relationships between parental rearing patterns and QOL of college students.