双峰驼眼的解剖组织学

Anatomical and histological observations of eyes in Bactrian camel

应用大体解剖学和组织学方法探讨中国西北、华北地区特有动物——双峰驼眼球及其附属器官的解剖组织学特点,为特有资源的保护和开发研究提供一定的理论依据。结果表明:双峰驼具有2～5行睫毛和双层眼睑,骨性眼眶夹角约为95～105°。眼肌有四条直肌、两条斜肌、一条上提睑肌和漏斗肌。双峰驼泪腺呈不规则三角形,角膜高度角质化,视网膜为典型的十层结构。双峰驼眼的主要结构与其他脊椎动物类似,在形态学特点和组织学结构方面与其生长的荒漠、半荒漠环境相适应。

Gross anatomical and histological methods were used to study the main structure of eyes in the Bactrian camel to observe the histological and anatomical characteristics of the eyeball and its attaching organs of this unique species in the northwest and northern China, thereby providing certain theoretical basis for the protection of and research into the endemic species. The Bactrian camel has 2-5 rows of eyelashs and double-layer eyelids, with osteal orbits. The eye angle is around 95-105°. The ocular muscles are composed of four rectus, two oblique and one levator muscles, and also the retractor bulbi. The lacrimal glands are irregularly triangular. The cornea of the Bactrian camel is highly keratinized. And the retina has 10 layers, which is a typical structure in histology. The structure of eye in the Bactrian camel is mainly similar to that of the other vertebrates. But as far as morphological and histological characteristics are concerned, there are some differences, which might be the result of its adaptation to the desert and semidesert environments.