美国军用航空液压油的发展

Development of US Military Aircraft Hydraulic Fluids

自20世纪50年代以来,美国空军一直致力于先进航空液压油的研究。从石油基型到磷酸酯型,再到聚α-烯烃(PAO)合成烃型,耐燃性的提高一直是促进新型航空液压油发展的主要驱动力。此外,由于环保意识的日益增强,液压油的生物降解性和低毒性也变得越来越重要,用航空液压油取代防锈液压油储存零件成为趋势。未来,随着飞机性能的不断提高,高温液压油也成为发展方向。

US air force has been involved with the development of advanced military aircraft hydraulic fluids since the 1950s. From mineral oil based fluid to phosphate ester based fluid, then to PAO based fluid, the driving force for the development of new hydraulic fluids has primarily been and still is improving the fire resistance. In addition, with the increasingly raising awareness of environmental protection, the biodegradability and low toxicity of hydraulic fluids have been becoming more and more important. Hydraulic system component storage with operational hydraulic fluids in place of rust - inhibited hydraulic fluids is becoming a trend. In the future, with the performance of aircrafts improved, high -temperature hydraulic fluids will become a direction of development as well.