西湖风景名胜区不同类型森林群落的空间分布及β多样性

Spatial distribution and beta diversity of forest communities in mountainous areas of the West Lake in Hangzhou,East China

通过样地调查方法、TWINSPAN、β多样性指数和DCA、CCA排序分析,研究了杭州西湖风景名胜区不同森林群落的空间分布及物种多样性沿距离梯度的分布规律。结果表明:(1)TWINSPAN和DCA分析显示,43个调查样方可分为6种群落类型,不同群落类型的生境条件和群落组成均有一定的差异。(2)随着样地间距离的增大,群落间的Sorensen指数有逐渐变小的趋势,但不一定呈规律性的减少。(3)对43个样地不同种群的生境因子(包括坡向、坡度、坡位、海拔、郁闭度等)和物种优势度的CCA分析结果显示,影响光照和水分分布的主要生境因子海拔、郁闭度和坡位对西湖山区植物群落的分布以及种群的数量特征等具有重要影响。总体而言,物种扩散限制和生境条件变化是影响森林群落β多样性的主要因子。

This paper studied on spatial distribution and distribution patterns of species diversity along distance gradient of different forest communities in mountainous areas of the West Lake in Hangzhou, by using quadrat method, and TWINSPAN、β diversity indices and DCA、CCA ordination analysis. The results showed that： （1） 43 plots could be classified into six kinds of community types by using TWINSPAN and DCA. The habitat condition and species composition of different communities were both varied in those communities respectively. （2） With the increasing distance between communities, the Sorensen index tends to decline, but not always decline with regularity. （3） CCA based on the ecological important values and habitat factors of these 43 plots revealed that aspect, slope and slope-position, elevation and crown closure that affecting solar radiation and water distribution affect the distribution pattern of plant communities and quantitative of population respectively. In all, the forest community β diversity is mainly decided by its habitat condition variation and species dispersal.